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Human Ecology

Study Guide for Exam 2

Speciation/Natural Selection

Describe the theory of natural selection is

Describe what the advantage of genetic variation is

Define the terms

  • Species
  • Speciation
  • Macroevolution
  • Microevolution

List which type of traits tend to be passed on

Be able to identify what types of traits natural selection favors

Describe what is meant by survival of the fittest.

Describe what evolution means in relation to changing of gene frequency.

Compare and contrast microevolution and macroevolution

Be able to distinguish between microevolution and macroevolution

Be able to identify what types of traits natural selection favors

Describe what happens to a population that is isolated

Be able to identify a population that is undergoing:

  • Stabilizing natural selection
  • Directional natural selection
  • Diversifying natural selection

Know where to find evidence of natural selection

  • Fossil record
  • Molecular biology
  • Comparative anatomy
  • Embryology

Environmental Ecology

Define the terms

      • Ecosystem
      • Community
      • Population
      • Habitat
      • Niche
      • Aboitic
      • Biotic

Compare a niche to an organisms role in the community

Describe an ecosystem in terms of aboitic and biotic material

Compare and contrast the terms abiotic and biotic

Answer the question how many species can successfully occupy the same niche.

Describe what Range of Tolerance means

Describe what limiting factors are and what happens when an environment exceeds them.

Succession:

      • Describe primary succession
      • Describe secondary succession
      • Be able to identify cases of primary and secondary succession
      • Compare and contrast primary and secondary succession
      • Identify what is meant by a pioneer community
      • Identify what lichen is.
      • Define series or seral stage

Biodiversity

Define the terms:

    • Threatened
    • Endangered
    • Extinct
    • Native species
    • Non-native species
    • Immigrant species
    • Keystone species
    • Endemic species

Describe and identify factors that make a species prone to extinction (i.e. body size, specialized niche, etc)

Describe the role habitat destruction plays in the loss of biodiversity.

Identify the importance of habitat destruction in the loss of biodiversity.

Describe the underlying causes of loss of biodiversity are (i.e. poverty, etc

Describe what types of activities result in habitat destruction

Be ability to identify the activity that is the biggest threat to biodiversity

Describe the effect clearing rainforest for agriculture has on biodiversity

Describe what activity in the US what is the biggest threat to biodiversity

Describe what the bushmeat trade is and its impact on biodiversity

Describe the difference between legal sport hunting and poaching.

Describe how legal sport hunting has a limited affect on biodiversity.

Describe the effect that the pet trade has on biodiversity.

Identify the major reason people poach wild animals

Describe the economic value to preserving wild species