Practical 3
Muscles & Brain
If the muscle was discussed in lab it is fair game for the practical. Take your time with the test and learn how to eliminate impossible answers and arrive at the right answer.
You will need to be familiar with the following material:
| Be able to identify slides of the following tissues: (look at the histology page on the web-site to help you with this) |
| Cardiac muscle |
| Smooth muscle |
| Skeletal muscle |
| Questions concerning movement will refer to the primary functions of muscles so know all of the movements: |
 | Gliding Movements |
|
| Flexion |
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| Extension |
|
| Hyperextension |
|
| Dorsiflexion. |
|
| Plantar |
|
| Abduction |
|
| Adduction |
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| Circumduction |
|
| Rotation |
|
| Supination |
|
| Pronation |
|
| Eversion |
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| Protraction |
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| Retraction |
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| Elevation |
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| Depression |
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| Opposition |
| Know the primary function or movement (flexor, extender, abductor, adductor, etc) of each listed muscle |
| Know what the terms agonist and antagonist mean |
| Be able to identify the antagonist of these muscles |
| Know the origin points of each listed muscle |
| Know the insertion points of each listed muscle |
| Know how muscles are named and why certain muscles have their names |
Be able to identify all of the listed muscles on models
I
1. Frontalis
2. Occipitalis
3. Orbicularis Oculi
4. Zygomaticus
5. Orbicularis oris
6. Platysma
7. Masseter
8. Temporalis
9. Buccinator
10. Sternocleidomastoid
11. Hyoid Muscles
12. Splenius Capitis
13. Pectoralis minor
14. Serratus anterior
15. Trapezius
16. Rhomboids
17. Pectoralis major
18. Deltoid
19. Latissimus Dorsi
20. Infraspinatus
21. Supraspinatus
22. Teres major
23. Coracobrachialis
VI). Muscles Crossing the Elbow
24. Bicep Brachii
25. Brachialis
26. Baracioradialis
27. Triceps brachii
VII). Muscles of the Forearm
28. Flexor Carpi Radialis
29. Pronator teres
30. Pronator Quadratus
31. Palmaris longus
32. Flexor Carpi Radialis
33. Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
34. Supinator
35. Extensor Carpi Radialis (longus & brevis)
36. Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
VII). Movement of the Fingers
37. Extensor Digitorum
38. Flexor Digitorum
VIII). Muscles of the Vertebral Column
39. Erector spinae
a. Iliocostalis
b. Spinalis
c. Longissimus
40. Intercostal:
a. Internal
b. External
41. Diaphragm
42. Rectus abdominis
43. External oblique
44. Internal oblique
45. Transverse abdominis
XI). Muscles of the Pelvic Floor
46. Pelvic Diaphragm
47. Urogenital Diaphragm
XII). Muscles That Move The Thigh & Leg
48. Iliacus
49. Psoas major
50. Adductor magnus
51. Adductor longus
52. Gracialis
53. Gluteus maximus
54. Gluteus medius
55. Gluteus minimus
56. Tensor fasciae latae
57. iliotibial tract
58. Hamstrings
a. Biceps femoris
b. Semitendinous
c. Semimembranosus
59. Sarortius
60. Quadriceps femoris:
a. Rectus femoris
b. Vastus lateralis
c. Vastus medialis
d. Vastus intermedius
e. (Patellar tendon & ligament)
XIII). Movements of Ankles & Toes
61. Tibialis anterior
62. Extensor digitorum longus
63. Gastrocnemius
64. Soleus
65. (Calcaneal tendon)
66. Flexor Digitorum
Brain Structure
1.
Know
what the following terms refer to
Ø Sulcus
Ø Fissure
Ø Gyrus
2. Know the location and general functions of:
Ø Frontal cortex
Ø Temporal cortex
Ø Parietal Cortex
Ø Occipital Cortex
3. Know which senses occur in which area
Ø Auditory
Ø Motor
Ø Language/speech
Ø Logic & Reasoning
Ø Vision
4. Know corresponding association areas and what they do.
5. Know what makes up the brain stem
6. Know what makes up the diencephelon
7. Know what the blood brain barrier is and what it protects the brain from.
8. Know the location and function of the following brain structures
Ø Cerebral Cortex
Ø Diencephalon
· Hypothalamus
· Thalamus
Ø Brain Stem
· Midbrain
· Pons
· Medulla Oblongata
Ø Cerebellum
Ø Limbic System
Ø Reticular formation