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Language of Anatomy
Body Systems and Directions
I). Reference point for anatomical descriptions:
The body is standing with feet together and arms at the side palms face forward and thumbs are pointed away from the body.
II). Directional terms
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Right or left based on the person being viewed.
A). right and left
B). Superior (cranial)
C). Inferior (caudal)
D). Anterior or ventral
E). Posterior or dorsal
F). Medial
G). Lateral
- bilateral
- ipsilateral
- contralateral
H). Intermediate
I). Proximal
J). Distal
K). Superficial
L). Deep
M). Peripheral (also means outward)
N). Central
III. Other Terms
A). Medullary
B). Cortical
C). Apical
D). Basal
E). Lumen
F). Endo-
G). Epi-
H). Peri-
I). Hyper
J). Hypo
IV). Body Planes and Section
A). Sections
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B). Midline
C). Planes
1). Sagittal Plane
- midsagittal
- parasagittal
2). Frontal Plane or Coronal Plane
3). Transverse or Cross Section
V). Abdominopelvic Regions and Quadrants
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ONLY APPLIES TO THE ABDOMINAL and PELVIC CAVITIES
A). Regoins
RIGHT HYPOCHONDRIAC REGION |
EPIGASTRIC REGION |
LEFT HYPOCHONDRIAC REGION |
RIGHT LUMBAR REGION |
UMBILICAL REGION |
LEFT LUMBAR REGION |
RIGHT ILIAC REGION |
HYPOGASTRIC (PUBIC) REGION |
LEFT ILIAC REGION |
B). Quadrants
Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ) |
Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ) |
Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ) |
Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ) |
V). Organ System Overview
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A). Integumentary (skin)
- epidermal & dermal regions
- cutaneous sense organs
- cutaneous glands
B). Skeletal
- bones
- cartilage
- ligaments
- joints
C). Muscular
- skeletal muscle
- tendons
D). Nervous
- brain
- spinal cord
- nerves
- sensory receptors
E). Endocrine
- pituitary
- thyroid
- parathyroid
- adrenal
- pineal glands
- ovaries
- testes
- pancreas
F). Cardiovascular
- heart
- blood vessels
- blood
G). Lymphatic
- lymphatic vessels
- lymph nodes
- spleen
- thymus
- tonsils
- lymphoid tissues
H). Respiratory
- lungs
- nasal passages
- pharynx
- larynx
- trachea
- bronchi
I). Digestive
- oral cavity
- esophagus
- stomach
- small intestine
- large intestine
- teeth
- salivary glands
- pancreas
- liver
- gallbladder
J). Urinary
- kidneys
- ureters
- bladder
- urethra
K). Reproductive
Male
- testes
- scrotum
- penis
- prostate
- duct system
Female
- ovaries
- uterine tubes
- uterus
- vagina
- mammary glands
http://www.3dscience.com/3D_Models/Human_Anatomy/Collections/Female_Collection_3.php
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Mnemonic |
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Sir: I'm nervous about reproducing with the rest. Uri must dig into the legal end.
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The organ system: circulatory immune (lymphatic) nervous reproduction respiratory urinary muscle digestive integumentary endocrine |
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MURDER INC |
muscle urinary reproduction digestive endocrine respiratory integumentary nervous circulatory |
